Article by Bianca Casey
Nexium [Esomeprazole] is a bis (5-methoxy-2-[(S)-[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-2-pyridinyl)methyl]sulfinyl]-1H-benzimidazole-1-yl) magnesium trihydrate, developed and marketed by AstraZeneca This compound helps is in reducing or rather inhibits gastric acid secretion. Esomeprazole is the S-isomer of omeprazole, which is a mixture of the S- and R- isomers, meaning it is one of the two stereo-enantionmers in omeprazole. Esomeprazole was the third greatest selling pharmaceutical drug in the world for 2005, totaling US$ five.7 billion in sales.Nexium [Esomeprazole] is a proton pump inhibitor that suppresses gastric acid secretion by distinct inhibition of the Hydrogen/Potassium-ATPase in the parietal cells of the gastric mucosa.Nexium [Esomeprazole] is mainly indicated in acid-peptic disease [APD]/ gastro-esophageal reflux illness. [GERD] It is supplied as delayed-release capsules for oral administration or in packets for preparation of delayed-release oral suspensions. They are also offered in the form of injections for intra-venous use. As with all proton pump inhibitors, which are acid labile, Nexium [Esomeprazole] really should also be swallowed unbroken/crushed.Gastro-esophageal reflux illness:Generally known as 'heart burn' which I am sure everybody must have suffered from it, at least once. When we eat food, the food passes down the esophagus and then into the stomach where it is broken down/digested by the acid present in the stomach known as gastric acid. The walls of the stomach, meaning the gastric mucosa is nicely equipped to handle this gastric acid. This acid cannot regurgitate into the esophagus usually, even so, at times it does enter the esophagus where it breaks down the food if present. But, the esophageal mucosa is not programmed to handle the gastric acid and hence it causes an irritation which we term as heart burn or gastro-esophageal reflux disease. Now, if everyone suffers from heart burn then why do we want to prevent it? What harm is it going to trigger? According to doctors, it is fairly normal to get heart burn when a whilst, however if there is an increase in the number of episodes, specifically two times in a week in spite of taking medications or changing diet plan then this is a cause of concern. The principal cause of concern is that over a period of time, this acid erodes the esophageal mucosa leading to a condition recognized as erosive gastritis.What prevents the acid from regurgitating into the esophagus? There is a sphincter between the esophagus and stomach identified as the lower esophageal sphincter which prevents the regurgitation by acting as a valve. This vale is tightly shut and opens only when it has to pass food to the stomach. If this valve is not closed /shut appropriately then it will lead to regurgitation. Spicy food, fried food, obesity, smoking, alcohol wearing tight garments also aid in regurgitationIndications and dosage: Indications: - Gastro-esophageal reflux illness - Healing of erosive esophagitis - Maintenance of healed erosive esophagitis - Eradication of Helicobacter pylori in mixture with suitable antibacterial regimens - Pathological hypersecretory conditions like Zollinger-Ellison SyndromeDosage:Adults: Erosive Esophagitis- healing:Nexium [Esomeprazole] 20mg to 40 mg when a day for four to 8 weeks is suggested in the healing of a diagnostically confirmed case of Esophagitis. In the event of patients not showing signs of full healing of the lesions, the regimen of Nexium [Esomeprazole] 20mg to 40 mg really should be repeated for another four to 8 weeks. Maintenance of healed Erosive Esophagitis: Nexium [Esomeprazole] 20 mg daily is indicated in the maintenance of healed erosive esophagitis. This is to be followed for not much more than 6 months given that controlled studies did not extend beyond six months. Symptomatic GERD: - Nexium [Esomeprazole] 20 mg every day for 4 weeks is indicated for treatment of heartburn and other such symptoms connected with Gastro-esophageal reflux disease. If the symptoms do not resolve by four weeks then a repeat in the regimen is suggested by extra 4 weeks. Risk reduction of NSAID connected gastric ulcer: Nexium [Esomeprazole] 20mg to 40 mg every day for up to 6 months is suggested Helicobacter pylori Eradication to Reduce the Risk of Duodenal Ulcer Recurrence: Triple therapy of Nexium [Esomeprazole] along with amoxicillin and Clarithromycin is indicated in the treatment of patients with Helicobacter pylori infection and Duodenal ulcer illness [active or inside past five years] - Nexium [Esomeprazole] 40 mg when daily for 10 days - Amoxicillin 1g twice daily for 10 days - Clarithromycin 500 mg twice every day for 10 days. Pathological hypersecretory conditions like Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome Nexium [Esomeprazole] is indicated as a lengthy term drug for the treatment of some pathological hypersecretory conditions, like Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome. Nevertheless, the dosages of Nexium [Esomeprazole] in patients with pathological hypersecretory conditions vary from patient to patient. Thus, the dosage regimens ought to be adjusted to individual patient requirements. Pediatric: Age much less than 11 years: - Short term treatment of symptomatic Gastro-esophageal reflux disease: 10mg when every day for up to 8 weeks. - Healing of erosive esophagitis: Weight much less than 20 kg: 10 mg once daily for 8 weeks Weight much more than 20 kg: 10 mg or 20 mg once daily for 8 weeks.Age between 12 to 17 years: - Short term treatment of symptomatic Gastro-esophageal reflux disease: 20mg or 40 mg when every day for up to 8 weeks. Safety and effectiveness of Nexium [Esomeprazole] for the treatment of symptomatic gastro-esophageal reflux illness in patients less than 1 year of age have not been established. Also, safety and effectiveness of Nexium [Esomeprazole] for pediatric uses other than that for the treatment of symptomatic gastro-esophageal reflux disease have not been established. Nexium [Esomeprazole] should be taken at least 1 hour prior to meals. I.V. Injection: Nexium [Esomeprazole] I.V. for Injection is indicated for the up to 10 day [short-term] treatment of Gastro-esophageal reflux disease in adult patients who have a history of erosive esophagitis as an alternative to oral therapy in patients when therapy with Nexium [Esomeprazole] Delayed-Release Capsules is not possible or suitable. When oral therapy is probable or suitable, intravenous therapy with Nexium [Esomeprazole] I.V. for Injection need to be discontinued and the therapy really should be continued orally. Contraindication: Hypersensitivity e.g. angioedema and anaphylactic reaction/shock Special precautions: - nursing mothers - pediatric patients - For patients with severe liver impairment [Child Pugh Class C], do not exceed the dose by far more than 20 mg. - pregnancy - age much more than 60 years Side Effects: - headache - diarrhea - abdominal discomfort - nausea - flatulence - dry mouth - constipation - increased: - creatinine, uric acid - increased or decreased hemoglobin, white blood cell count - increased bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, ALT, AST - hypokalemia - hyponatremia - hyperkalemia - hypernatremia - Altered thyroid function tests. Drug Interactions: Nexium [Esomeprazole] may possibly interfere with the absorption of drugs where gastric pH is an essential determinant of bioavailability like: - ketoconazole, iron salts, digoxin. It may decrease the plasma levels of atazanavir. Nexium [Esomeprazole] ought to be utilised only for the conditions, dosages, and durations specified in the Prescribing Details or by your physician.
About the Author
Samir Bianca Daryl Suva is the author of http://www.generics.ws/Generic_Nexium_Esomeprazole_Pill-p-11.html"> Nexium information situated at Genericsmed.com site & Generics.ws site
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